PMID: 16519300Mar 8, 2006Paper

Evaluating the risk to aquatic ecosystems posed by leachate from tire shred fill in roads using toxicity tests, toxicity identification evaluations, and groundwater modeling

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
Patrick J SheehanStacey M Patenaude

Abstract

The risk to adjacent aquatic systems posed by leachates from scrap tires used in engineering applications has not been characterized adequately. Toxicity testing, toxicity identification evaluation (TIE), and groundwater modeling were used to determine the circumstances under which tire shreds could be used as roadbed fill with negligible risk to aquatic organisms in adjacent water bodies. Elevated levels of iron, manganese, and several other chemicals were found in tire shred leachates. However, chronic toxicity tests with Ceriodaphnia dubia and fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) showed no adverse effects caused by leachates collected from tire shreds installed above the water table. Exposure to leachates collected from tire shreds installed below the water table resulted in significant reductions to both survival and reproduction in C. dubia. The TIE results indicated that exposure to soluble metals (likely ferrous iron primarily) and the formation of iron hydroxide precipitates on this invertebrate species likely were the causes of the observed effects. The available chemistry data show that iron concentrations in the affected groundwater decreased substantially within a short distance (0.61 m) downgradient of tire shred ...Continue Reading

Citations

Nov 14, 2012·Environmental Science & Technology·Emily P RhodesDavid C Mays
Oct 12, 2013·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Denise A GordonJames M Lazorchak
Nov 11, 2008·Chemosphere·Kimberly M CamponelliEdward R Landa
Feb 26, 2009·Journal of Applied Microbiology·R VukantiA A Leff
May 29, 2020·Environmental Science & Technology·Jing DingYong-Guan Zhu

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