PMID: 7011003Jan 1, 1981Paper

Evaluation of cefaclor

American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
J E Derry

Abstract

The chemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, bacterial spectrum, clinical use, dosage, adverse reactions, and dosage forms and cost of cefaclor are reviewed. Cefaclor, a congener of cephalexin monohydrate, is a new semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic. It is well absorbed when given orally on an empty stomach; absorption is delayed by the presence of food. Although metabolism may play a role in the disposition of cefaclor, elimination is primarily renal. Cefaclor's spectrum of activity is similar to that of cefalexin, including a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria; in particular, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella spp., and Haemophilus influenzae are more susceptible to clinically achievable concentrations of cefaclor than cephalexin. Cefaclor has been demonstrated to be effective against beta-lactamase-producing H. influenzae resistant to ampicillin, but further studies are needed to establish the clinical significance of this activity. Efficacy of cefaclor has been demonstrated in urinary tract, upper and lower respiratory tract, and skin and soft tissue infections in adults and children as well as in pediatric otitis media. Adverse reactions, mostly gastrointestinal, are ...Continue Reading

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