Evaluation of Second-Level Inference in fMRI Analysis

Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience
Sanne P RoelsBeatrijs Moerkerke

Abstract

We investigate the impact of decisions in the second-level (i.e., over subjects) inferential process in functional magnetic resonance imaging on (1) the balance between false positives and false negatives and on (2) the data-analytical stability, both proxies for the reproducibility of results. Second-level analysis based on a mass univariate approach typically consists of 3 phases. First, one proceeds via a general linear model for a test image that consists of pooled information from different subjects. We evaluate models that take into account first-level (within-subjects) variability and models that do not take into account this variability. Second, one proceeds via inference based on parametrical assumptions or via permutation-based inference. Third, we evaluate 3 commonly used procedures to address the multiple testing problem: familywise error rate correction, False Discovery Rate (FDR) correction, and a two-step procedure with minimal cluster size. Based on a simulation study and real data we find that the two-step procedure with minimal cluster size results in most stable results, followed by the familywise error rate correction. The FDR results in most variable results, for both permutation-based inference and paramet...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 7, 2018·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Han BossierBeatrijs Moerkerke

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Software Mentioned

RFT
3dMEMA
3dttest
FSL
SPM
NPAIRS
house
R script
AFNI
in

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