Evaluation of the giant reed (Arundo donax) in horizontal subsurface flow wetlands for the treatment of dairy processing factory wastewater.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
Shaharah Mohd IdrisGraeme Allinson

Abstract

Two emergent macrophytes, Arundo donax and Phragmites australis, were established in experimental horizontal subsurface flow (HSSF), gravel-based constructed wetlands (CWs) and challenged by treated dairy processing factory wastewater with a median electrical conductivity of 8.9 mS cm(-1). The hydraulic loading rate was tested at 3.75 cm day(-1). In general, the plants grew well during the 7-month study period, with no obvious signs of salt stress. The major water quality parameters monitored (biological oxygen demand (BOD), suspended solids (SS) and total nitrogen (TN) but not total phosphorus) were generally improved after the effluent had passed through the CWs. There was no significance different in removal efficiencies between the planted beds and unplanted gravel beds (p > 0.007), nor was there any significant difference in removal efficiencies between the A. donax and P. australis beds for most parameters. BOD, SS and TN removal in the A. donax and P. australis CWs was 69, 95 and 26 % and 62, 97 and 26 %, respectively. Bacterial removal was observed but only to levels that would allow reuse of the effluent for use on non-food crops under Victorian state regulations. As expected, the A. donax CWs produced considerably mor...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 12, 2012·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·X Q LiangKüppers Stephan
May 26, 2016·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·P AsaithambiWan Mohd Ashri Bin Wan Daud
Oct 29, 2017·Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·Graeme Allinson
Nov 15, 2016·Water Science and Technology : a Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research·Jianqiu HanChunliang Zhou
Aug 8, 2020·The Science of the Total Environment·Emanuel NocettiGabriela Cristina Sánchez

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