Evaluation of the virucidal effects of rosmarinic acid against enterovirus 71 infection via in vitro and in vivo study

Virology Journal
Wen-Yu LinTzyy-Rong Jinn

Abstract

Although enterovirus 71 (EV71) is an important public health threat, especially in the Asia-Pacific region, there are still no effective drugs or vaccines to treat and prevent EV71 infection. Therefore, it is critical to develop prophylactic and therapeutic agents against EV71. Rosmarinic acid (RA), a phytochemical, has been discovered to possess a broad spectrum of biological activities. The virucidal effects of RA on EV71 were determined by MTT, western blot, median cell culture infectious dose, apoptosis detection, plaque reduction, semi-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence detection, molecular docking analysis, and mouse protection assay. RA showed a strong protective effect against EV71 infection in human rhabdomyosarcoma cells when the multiplicity of infection was 1, with a low IC50 value (4.33 ± 0.18 μM) and high therapeutic index (340). RA not only protected cells from EV71-induced cytopathic effects, but also from EV71-induced apoptosis. The results of time-of-addition analysis demonstrated that the inhibitory activity of RA was highest at the early stage of viral infection. Consistent with this, the infectivity of EV71 in the early stage of viral infection also was observed to be limit...Continue Reading

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
flow cytometry
PCR
Genotyping
X-ray

Software Mentioned

Discovery Studio
JMP
LigPlot
MODELER
CHARMM
CDOCKER
StepOne
DS4
Cell Quest
ImageJ

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Apoptosis

Apoptosis is a specific process that leads to programmed cell death through the activation of an evolutionary conserved intracellular pathway leading to pathognomic cellular changes distinct from cellular necrosis

Antivirals

Antivirals are medications that are used specifically for treating viral infections. Discover the latest research on antivirals here.

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