Evaluation of total knee mechanics using a crouching simulator with a synthetic knee substitute

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of Engineering in Medicine
Michael LowryPeter S Walker

Abstract

Mechanical evaluation of total knees is frequently required for aspects such as wear, strength, kinematics, contact areas, and force transmission. In order to carry out such tests, we developed a crouching simulator, based on the Oxford-type machine, with novel features including a synthetic knee including ligaments. The instrumentation and data processing methods enabled the determination of contact area locations and interface forces and moments, for a full flexion-extension cycle. To demonstrate the use of the simulator, we carried out a comparison of two different total knee designs, cruciate retaining and substituting. The first part of the study describes the simulator design and the methodology for testing the knees without requiring cadaveric knee specimens. The degrees of freedom of the anatomic hip and ankle joints were reproduced. Flexion-extension was obtained by changing quadriceps length, while variable hamstring forces were applied using springs. The knee joint was represented by three-dimensional printed blocks on to which the total knee components were fixed. Pretensioned elastomeric bands of realistic stiffnesses passed through holes in the block at anatomical locations to represent ligaments. Motion capture o...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1975·Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research·F G GirgisA Monajem
Mar 31, 2005·Journal of Biomechanics·James R RobinsonAndrew A Amis
Oct 13, 2005·Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy : Official Journal of the ESSKA· Espregueira-Mendes, M Vieira da Silva
Mar 27, 2007·Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica·Norihiro OtakeShizuko Shoumura
Aug 9, 2007·The Knee·Gokce YildirimGregg R Klein
Jan 17, 2009·Journal of Orthopaedic Research : Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society·Gokce YildirimJason Boyer
Oct 28, 2011·The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy·William T WilsonScott C Wearing
Nov 15, 2013·The Journal of Knee Surgery·Gokce YildirimRaj Karia

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