Event-related deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus affects conflict processing

Annals of Neurology
Ayda GhahremaniRobert Chen

Abstract

Many lines of evidence suggest that response conflict recruits brain regions in the cortical-basal ganglia system. Within the basal ganglia, deep brain recordings from the subthalamic nucleus (STN) have shown that conflict triggers a transient increase in low-frequency oscillations (LFOs; 2-8Hz). Here, we deployed a new method of delivering short trains of event-related deep brain stimulation (DBS) to the STN to test the causal role of the STN and its associated circuits in conflict-related processing. In a double-blind design, we stimulated the STN in patients with Parkinson disease by locking brief trains of DBS to specific periods of the trial within a Stroop task. Stimulation had a specific effect on conflict compared to nonconflict trials by relatively speeding responses on conflict trials (ie, reducing the Stroop effect, defined as the difference in reaction time between conflict and nonconflict trials) when it was delivered in the preresponse period in the preparation phase. Stimulation also increased errors when it was delivered early in the response window. This latter result corresponded to the timing of the conflict-induced increase in LFOs observed in the absence of stimulation but was not directly related to the re...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 11, 2019·Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics·Kai-Hsiang Stanley Chen, Robert Chen
Sep 4, 2019·Nature Biotechnology·Hayriye CagnanPeter Brown
Feb 25, 2021·Biological Psychiatry : Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging·Alekhya MandaliValerie Voon

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