"Everybody breastfeeds if they have milk": factors that shape exclusive breastfeeding practices in informal settlements of Mumbai, India

International Breastfeeding Journal
Sudha RamaniA Jayaraman

Abstract

In India, though breastfeeding is universally practiced, exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) rates in urban informal settlements are low; and health programs face several challenges in promoting EBF. In this study, ensconced in one program area of a non-government organization, we focused on "positive deviant"- mothers who were able to practice EBF for six months and attempted to delineate factors that shaped their EBF practices. Typically, qualitative research from Lower and Middle Income countries on EBF has focused on understanding why women do not practice EBF; the converse perspective taken in this study has been less explored. We employed the positive deviance approach which contends that important programmatic learnings can be attained from persons who adopt positive behaviours. We conducted twenty-five diverse, purposively sampled case-studies of "positive deviant" mothers from two urban informal settlements in Mumbai; and analysed these using a framework approach. The results were summarised using a socioecological framework (consisting of individual, interpersonal, organizational and environment levels). We found that mothers typically construed EBF as not giving breastmilk substitutes. Giving the infant minor supplements (...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 11, 2020·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Seman K OusmanMekdes K Gebremariam
Sep 29, 2020·Indian Journal of Public Health·Jyoti SharmaPreeti Negandhi
Jan 8, 2021·Maternal & Child Nutrition·Jeanine AhishakiyeMaria Koelen

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