Evidence-based nursing practice to prevent infection in hospitalized neutropenic patients with cancer

Oncology Nursing Forum
Elaine Larson, Anita Nirenberg

Abstract

To review studies that have assessed the effectiveness of selected nursing interventions used in hospitals to prevent healthcare-associated infections in neutropenic patients with cancer. Literature review of low microbial diets, protective clothing and environments, personal hygiene, and oral care in English-language articles from PubMed; the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature; the National Guideline Clearinghouse, 1980-June 2003; and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Few studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of low microbial food and water and protective environments and clothing in reducing infections in neutropenic patients with cancer, and hospitals vary in these practices. Skin antisepsis reduces microbial counts, but data regarding the effect on infections are lacking. Many studies were characterized by insufficient sample sizes or use of multiple interventions. Major gaps exist in empirical evidence regarding which nursing interventions might be helpful in preventing or controlling healthcare-associated infections in neutropenic patients. Although the evidence base for clinical practices such as a low microbial diet, protective environments and clothing, and special skin antisepsis reg...Continue Reading

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