Evidence for a causal association between oral polio vaccine and transverse myelitis: A case history and review of the Literature

Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health
Heath Kelly

Abstract

A 6-month-old boy developed transverse myelitis 7 days after the receipt of oral polio vaccine (OPV). A paediatric neurologist confirmed the diagnosis when the boy was aged 9 years. The boy had received his first scheduled OPV at the age of 4 months and had developed immunity to serotypes 1 and 2 but not to serotype 3. A poliovirus type 3 was isolated from stool and throat specimens collected from the boy in the first 2 days after symptom onset. This was shown, in a World Health Organization accredited laboratory, to be a vaccine strain by nucleic acid probe hybridiztion and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The boy subsequently developed immunity to poliovirus serotype 3. It is accepted that poliovirus infection can present occasionally as transverse myelitis. This is estimated to occur in 1:125-1:800 cases. It is also accepted that OPV can cause vaccine-associated paralytic polio with a frequency of approximately one case per 2.5 million doses of OPV distributed. It seems feasible therefore that OPV could cause transverse myelitis with a frequency of 1 in 300 million to one in two billion doses distributed. In a 1993 report from the Institute of Medicine of the National Acadamies of the United States pertaining to vaccine sa...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 10, 2009·Journal of Clinical Virology : the Official Publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology·Bruce ThorleyHiroyuki Shimizu
Jul 4, 2012·Health & Social Care in the Community·I Aguilar-PalacioA I Gil-Lacruz
Mar 30, 2016·Current Opinion in Neurology·Xuan-Hung NguyenRoland S Liblau
Sep 27, 2016·Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics·Allan Lieberman, Luke Curtis
Nov 3, 2009·Lupus·N Agmon-LevinY Shoenfeld
Feb 24, 2017·The British Journal of Ophthalmology·Jacqueline RamkeClare E Gilbert
Dec 4, 2019·Journal of Medical Primatology·Anna E SarfatyCaroline J Zeiss
Jul 7, 2011·The Medical Journal of Australia·Heath A KellyDavid Isaacs
Aug 31, 2021·Curēus·Nayha TahirMaryna Shayuk

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