Evidence for altered renal tubule function in idiopathic calcium stone formers.

Urological Research
Elaine M Worcester, Fredric L Coe

Abstract

Patients who form calcium kidney stones often have metabolic disorders such as idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH) that reflect abnormalities in mineral handling in the kidney. Renal handling of calcium is altered by ingestion of nutrients such as carbohydrates, protein, and sodium, and patients with IH appear to be more sensitive to these stimuli. Studies using probes such as diuretics or lithium clearance have the ability to clarify which nephron segments are involved in the altered renal calcium transport with nutrient seen in IH. Studies in the genetic hypercalciuric rat demonstrate alterations in both proximal tubule and thick ascending limb calcium reabsorption. Similar studies in humans have begun to provide evidence about the corresponding abnormalities in stone formers with IH. A pattern of altered renal tubule transport in calcium stone formers is suggested by the frequency of such findings as decreased tubular maximal reabsorption of phosphate and abnormal urine acidification as well as hypercalciuria in such patients, not explained by monogenic transport abnormalities.

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Citations

Aug 30, 2011·Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association·Sharon BaroneManoocher Soleimani
Feb 20, 2018·BioMed Research International·Maria Goretti Moreira Guimarães PenidoUri Saggie Alon
Apr 5, 2013·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Vivienne YoonNaim M Maalouf
Mar 10, 2020·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Joshua N CurryAlan Sl Yu
Jan 21, 2012·Current Opinion in Urology·Jessica N LangeDean G Assimos
Mar 27, 2019·Journal of Cell Science·Cliff-Lawrence IbehBidhan C Bandyopadhyay

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