PMID: 8588317May 1, 1995Paper

Evidence for chronic morbillivirus infection in the Mediterranean striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba)

Veterinary Microbiology
M DomingoI K Visser

Abstract

In the summer of 1990 an epizootic infection caused by a morbillivirus (DMV) killed several thousand striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) in the Mediterranean Sea. In 1991 and 1992 the epizootic reached Italian and Greek waters. The infection by DMV in the acute period of the epizootic caused encephalitis, pneumonia and depletion of lymph nodes. After 1990, the systemic infection apparently disappeared from the Catalonian coast, giving way to cases of chronic infection of the CNS. Dolphins that died between 1991 and May 1994 were necropsied, and investigated for lesions due to DMV, and for the presence of morbillivirus antigen in tissues. Encephalitis occurred in 6 dolphins in which DMV antigen was demonstrated in the CNS and which were without lesions or antigen in other, non-nervous tissues. Inflammatory lesions, gliosis, and DMV antigen decreased in density and amount from cerebral grey matter, through the thalamic areas to the medulla oblongata. The cerebellum was usually spared. Lesions consisted of non-suppurative encephalitis, with diffuse gliosis and glial nodules and neuronophagia, and loss of neurons. Perivascular cuffing of lymphocytes and plasma cells was present in the cerebral cortex and the white matter benea...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 15, 2011·Archives of Virology·Ashley C BanyardThomas Barrett
May 1, 1995·Veterinary Microbiology·T BarrettA D Osterhaus
Sep 17, 2004·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part a·Milton LevinSylvain Guise
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