Evidence for multiple independent origins of trans-splicing in Metazoa

Molecular Biology and Evolution
Vassilis DourisMichalis Averof

Abstract

In contrast to conventional splicing, which joins exons from a single primary transcript, trans-splicing links stretches of RNA from separate transcripts, derived from distinct regions of the genome. Spliced leader (SL) trans-splicing is particularly well known in trypanosomes, nematodes, and flatworms, where it provides messenger RNAs with a leader sequence and cap that allow them to be translated efficiently. One of the largest puzzles regarding SL trans-splicing is its evolutionary origin. Until now SL trans-splicing has been found in a small and disparate set of organisms (including trypanosomes, dinoflagellates, cnidarians, rotifers, nematodes, flatworms, and urochordates) but not in most other eukaryotic lineages, including well-studied groups such as fungi, plants, arthropods, and vertebrates. This patchy distribution could either suggest that trans-splicing was present in early eukaryotes/metazoans and subsequently lost in multiple lineages or that it evolved several times independently. Starting from the serendipitous discovery of SL trans-splicing in an arthropod, we undertook a comprehensive survey of this process in the animal kingdom. By surveying expressed sequence tag data from more than 70 metazoan species, we s...Continue Reading

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