Evidence that melatonin acts in the premammillary hypothalamic area to control reproduction in the ewe: presence of binding sites and stimulation of luteinizing hormone secretion by in situ microimplant delivery

Endocrinology
B MalpauxP Chemineau

Abstract

Melatonin transduces the effect of day length on LH secretion by acting on the hypothalamus. However, the precise hypothalamic site is unknown. Two studies were undertaken to clarify where melatonin acts in the hypothalamus. Using autoradiographic methods, the hypothalami of 5 ewes were screened to determine whether specific regional densities in melatonin binding existed. A higher density of binding was observed in the premammillary area of the hypothalamus (PMH) (3- to 5-fold higher than the rest of the hypothalamus). This binding area is delimited rostrally by the infundibular recess, caudally by the mammillary bodies, dorsally by the fornix, and ventrally by the base of the brain; and it encompasses the premammillary and tuberomammillary nuclei. To test the functional importance of the identified area, 3 groups of animals received bilateral melatonin microimplants: 1) in the PMH (n = 11); 2) in the anterior/mediobasal hypothalamus (AH/MBH; n = 8); and 3) sham-operated animals received empty microimplants in the PMH (SHAM; n = 6). All ewes were ovariectomized and treated s.c. with a 20-mm SILASTIC brand capsule of estradiol and exposed to long days (16-h light, 8-h dark). At the end of the 80-day experiment, no animal of the...Continue Reading

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