Evidence that Osteoblasts are Specialized Citrate-producing Cells that Provide the Citrate for Incorporation into the Structure of Bone

The Open Bone Journal
Renty B FranklinLeslie C Costello

Abstract

Citrate is a major component of bone in all vertebrates, but its implications in bone have remained largely unknown. Recent studies identified that citrate is incorporated into the structure of the hydroxyapatite nanocrystal/collagen complex; and is essential for the important biomechanical properties of bone. This raises the important question, "What is the source of citrate for incorporation into bone?"; A question that heretofore had remained unresolved. Studies in this report were designed to determine the plausibility of our concept that the osteoblasts are specialized citrate-producing cells, which provide the citrate that is incorporated into the structure of bone; and that osteogenic differentiation of mesenchyme cells leads to the development of the citrate-producing osteoblasts. The results demonstrated that primary human osteoblasts exhibit the capability of citrate-production. Undifferentiated mesenchyme cells do not exhibit the capability of citrate production; and osteogenic differentiation results in citrate-producing osteoblasts. The up-regulation of zinc uptake transporter ZIP1 is essential for the manifestation of the citrate-producing capability of the osteoblasts. We determined that osteoblast transport of c...Continue Reading

Citations

Feb 16, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Tongling HuangMin Guan
Dec 5, 2015·Journal of Regenerative Medicine & Tissue Engineering·Leslie C CostelloRenty B Franklin
Nov 17, 2019·Nutrients·Donatella GranchiRenata Caudarella
Jan 6, 2021·Nature Metabolism·Nick van Gastel, Geert Carmeliet
May 16, 2018·Biomaterials·Chuying MaJian Yang
Jan 16, 2021·ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering·Xiaopei WuJing Tu
Nov 1, 2020·Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry·Xiaopei WuJing Tu
May 1, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Antonia DonatJohannes Keller
Apr 12, 2019·ACS Chemical Biology·Aviva Levina, Peter A Lay

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
protein assay
transfect

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