Evolution of a pentameral body plan was not linked to translocation of anterior Hox genes: the echinoderm HOX cluster revisited

Evolution & Development
Maria ByrneValerie B Morris

Abstract

Echinodermata is a large phylum of marine invertebrates characterized by an adult, pentameral body plan. This morphology is clearly derived as all members of Deuterostomia (the superphylum to which they belong) have a bilateral body plan. The origin of the pentameral plan has been the subject of intense debate. It is clear that the ancestor of Echinodermata had a bilateral plan but how this ancestor transformed its body "architecture" in such a drastic manner is not clear. Data from the fossil record and ontogeny are sparse and, so far, not very informative. The sequencing of the sea urchin genome a decade ago opened the possibility that the pentameral body plan was a consequence of a broken Hox cluster and a series of papers dwelt on the putative relationship between Hox gene arrangements in the chromosomes and the origin of pentamery. This relationship, sound as it was, is challenged by the revelation that the sea star HOX cluster is, in fact, intact, thus falsifying the hypothesis of a direct relationship between HOX cluster arrangement and the origin of the pentameral body plan. Here, we explore the relationship between Hox gene arrangements and echinoderm body "architecture," the expression of Hox genes in development and ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 30, 2017·Developmental Dynamics : an Official Publication of the American Association of Anatomists·Maria ByrnePaula Cisternas
Nov 18, 2018·Development Genes and Evolution·Valerie B MorrisMaria Byrne
Dec 28, 2018·BMC Evolutionary Biology·Réka Szabó, David E K Ferrier
Feb 23, 2020·BioEssays : News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology·Maria Byrne
Apr 28, 2020·DNA Research : an International Journal for Rapid Publication of Reports on Genes and Genomes·Maria ByrneGregory Wray
Jun 3, 2021·Journal of Developmental Biology·Spyros Papageorgiou

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