Evolution of developmental roles of Pax2/5/8 paralogs after independent duplication in urochordate and vertebrate lineages.

BMC Biology
Susan BasshamJohn H Postlethwait

Abstract

Gene duplication provides opportunities for lineage diversification and evolution of developmental novelties. Duplicated genes generally either disappear by accumulation of mutations (nonfunctionalization), or are preserved either by the origin of positively selected functions in one or both duplicates (neofunctionalization), or by the partitioning of original gene subfunctions between the duplicates (subfunctionalization). The Pax2/5/8 family of important developmental regulators has undergone parallel expansion among chordate groups. After the divergence of urochordate and vertebrate lineages, two rounds of independent gene duplications resulted in the Pax2, Pax5, and Pax8 genes of most vertebrates (the sister group of the urochordates), and an additional duplication provided the pax2a and pax2b duplicates in teleost fish. Separate from the vertebrate genome expansions, a duplication also created two Pax2/5/8 genes in the common ancestor of ascidian and larvacean urochordates. To better understand mechanisms underlying the evolution of duplicated genes, we investigated, in the larvacean urochordate Oikopleura dioica, the embryonic gene expression patterns of Pax2/5/8 paralogs. We compared the larvacean and ascidian expression...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 12, 2013·PloS One·Vanessa Rodrigues Paixão-CôrtesMaria Cátira Bortolini
Sep 17, 2013·PloS One·Adriana Rodríguez-MaríJohn H Postlethwait
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