Evolution of hosts paying manifold costs of defence

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
Clayton E CresslerTroy Day

Abstract

Hosts are expected to incur several physiological costs in defending against parasites. These include constitutive energetic (or other resource) costs of a defence system, facultative resource costs of deploying defences when parasites strike, and immunopathological costs of collateral damage. Here, we investigate the evolution of host recovery rates, varying the source and magnitude of immune costs. In line with previous work, we find that hosts paying facultative resource costs evolve faster recovery rates than hosts paying constitutive costs. However, recovery rate is more sensitive to changes in facultative costs, potentially explaining why constitutive costs are hard to detect empirically. Moreover, we find that immunopathology costs which increase with recovery rate can erode the benefits of defence, promoting chronicity of infection. Immunopathology can also lead to hosts evolving low recovery rate in response to virulent parasites. Furthermore, when immunopathology reduces fecundity as recovery rate increases (e.g. as for T-cell responses to urogenital chlamydiosis), then recovery and reproductive rates do not covary as predicted in eco-immunology. These results suggest that immunopathological and resource costs have qu...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 24, 2016·Ecology and Evolution·Chloé Larose, Tanja Schwander
Jan 24, 2017·Ecology Letters·Romain GarnierAndrea L Graham
Apr 14, 2017·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Lynn B MartinDaniel R Ardia
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Feb 18, 2020·Functional Ecology·Charlotte Jessica E MetcalfAndrea L Graham
Dec 22, 2021·PLoS Computational Biology·Alexander E DownieAndrea L Graham

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