Evolution of movement rate increases the effectiveness of marine reserves for the conservation of pelagic fishes

Evolutionary Applications
Jonathan A MeeDaniel Pauly

Abstract

Current debates about the efficacy of no-take marine reserves (MR) in protecting large pelagic fish such as tuna and sharks have usually not considered the evolutionary dimension of this issue, which emerges because the propensity to swim away from a given place, like any other biological trait, will probably vary in a heritable fashion among individuals. Here, based on spatially explicit simulations, we investigated whether selection to remain in MRs to avoid higher fishing mortality can lead to the evolution of more philopatric fish. Our simulations, which covered a range of life histories among tuna species (skipjack tuna vs. Atlantic bluefin tuna) and shark species (great white sharks vs. spiny dogfish), suggested that MRs were most effective at maintaining viable population sizes when movement distances were lowest. Decreased movement rate evolved following the establishment of marine reserves, and this evolution occurred more rapidly with higher fishing pressure. Evolutionary reductions in movement rate led to increases in within-reserve population sizes over the course of the 50 years following MR establishment, although this varied among life histories, with skipjack responding fastest and great white sharks slowest. Ou...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Jun 7, 2017·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Callum M RobertsJuan Carlos Castilla
Nov 16, 2018·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Sarah P Otto
Apr 25, 2019·Science Advances·E DinersteinE Wikramanayake
May 8, 2018·Bioscience·Bethan C O'LearyCallum M Roberts

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