Evolution of the CYP51 gene in Mycosphaerella graminicola: evidence for intragenic recombination and selective replacement.

Molecular Plant Pathology
Patrick C BrunnerBruce A McDonald

Abstract

Recent findings are consistent with a slow but constant shift towards reduced sensitivity of Mycosphaerella graminicola to azole fungicides, which target the CYP51 gene. The goal of this study was to elucidate the evolutionary mechanisms through which CYP51-based mutations associated with altered sensitivity have evolved in M. graminicola over space and time. To accomplish this, we sequenced and compared a portion of the CYP51 gene encompassing the main mutations associated with altered sensitivity towards demethylation inhibitor fungicides. The CYP51 gene showed an extraordinary dynamic shift consistent with a selective haplotype replacement both in space and in time. No mutations associated with increased resistance to azoles were found in non-European populations. These mutations were also absent in the oldest collections from Europe, whereas they dominated in the recent European populations. Intragenic recombination was identified as an important evolutionary process in populations affected by high fungicide selection, suggesting the creation of novel alleles among existing mutations as a potential source of novel resistance alleles. We propose that CYP51 mutations giving resistance in M. graminicola arose only locally (per...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Jun 12, 2012·Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology·Rayko Becher, Stefan G R Wirsel
Jun 8, 2012·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·Simone M T CampsPaul E Verweij
Dec 2, 2015·Phytopathology·Patrick Christoph BrunnerBruce A McDonald
Oct 4, 2008·Pest Management Science·Stefano Ff TorrianiHelge Sierotzki
May 4, 2011·Molecular Plant Pathology·Elizabeth S OrtonJames K M Brown
May 6, 2015·Annual Review of Phytopathology·Jiasui ZhanJeremy J Burdon
May 17, 2015·Fungal Genetics and Biology : FG & B·Mark H LendenmannBruce A McDonald
Jun 2, 2016·Phytopathology·Christina H Hagerty, Christopher C Mundt
Apr 26, 2016·Phytopathology·Bruce A McDonald, Christopher C Mundt
Jun 15, 2016·Annual Review of Phytopathology·Niklaus J GrünwaldMichael G Milgroom
Oct 25, 2016·Molecular Ecology·Daniel Croll, Bruce A McDonald
Mar 11, 2009·Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions : MPMI·Eva H Stukenbrock, Bruce A McDonald
Jun 30, 2018·Annual Review of Phytopathology·N J Hawkins, B A Fraaije
Dec 12, 2018·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Megan C McDonaldAndrew Milgate
May 7, 2009·Pest Management Science·Gloria P Cañas-GutiérrezRafael Arango
Jan 27, 2019·Pest Management Science·Maxime GarnaultAnne-Sophie Walker
Sep 29, 2017·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Richard C AllenAlex R Hall
May 7, 2020·Fungal Genetics and Biology : FG & B·Danilo PereiraBruce A McDonald
Apr 8, 2018·Fungal Genetics and Biology : FG & B·Wen ZhuBruce A McDonald

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