Evolution of the metazoan mitochondrial replicase

Genome Biology and Evolution
Marcos T OliveiraLaurie S Kaguni

Abstract

The large number of complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences available for metazoan species makes it a good system for studying genome diversity, although little is known about the mechanisms that promote and/or are correlated with the evolution of this organellar genome. By investigating the molecular evolutionary history of the catalytic and accessory subunits of the mtDNA polymerase, pol γ, we sought to develop mechanistic insight into its function that might impact genome structure by exploring the relationships between DNA replication and animal mitochondrial genome diversity. We identified three evolutionary patterns among metazoan pol γs. First, a trend toward stabilization of both sequence and structure occurred in vertebrates, with both subunits evolving distinctly from those of other animal groups, and acquiring at least four novel structural elements, the most important of which is the HLH-3β (helix-loop-helix, 3 β-sheets) domain that allows the accessory subunit to homodimerize. Second, both subunits of arthropods and tunicates have become shorter and evolved approximately twice as rapidly as their vertebrate homologs. And third, nematodes have lost the gene for the accessory subunit, which was accompanied by th...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 2, 2016·Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology·Justin C St John
Oct 5, 2017·Nucleic Acids Research·Noe Baruch-Torres, Luis G Brieba
Jan 19, 2018·Journal of Applied Genetics·Joanna RuseckaKatarzyna Tońska
Mar 7, 2020·Genetics and Molecular Biology·Marcos T OliveiraGrzegorz L Ciesielski

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
FJ635829.1
AJ222643.1

Software Mentioned

MODELLER
HMMR3 BLAST ( Basic Local Alignment Search Tool
NEXUS
TargetP
BLAST
PAL2NAL
Python script
Biopython
MAFFT
Pymol

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