PMID: 2506356Sep 1, 1989Paper

Evolution of the mitochondrial genetic code. I. Origin of AGR serine and stop codons in metazoan mitochondria

Journal of Molecular Evolution
S OsawaK Watanabe

Abstract

AGA and AGG (AGR) are arginine codons in the universal genetic code. These codons are read as serine or are used as stop codons in metazoan mitochondria. The arginine residues coded by AGR in yeast or Trypanosoma are coded by arginine CGN throughout metazoan mitochondria. AGR serine sites in metazoan mitochondria are occupied mainly in corresponding sites in yeast or Trypanosoma mitochondria by UCN serine, AGY serine, or codons for amino acids other than serine or arginine. Based on these observations, we propose the following evolutionary events. AGR codons became unassigned because of deletion of tRNA Arg (UCU) and elimination of AGR codons by conversion to CGN arginine codons. Upon acquisition by serine tRNA of pairing ability with AGR codons, some codons for amino acids other than arginine mutated to AGR, and were captured by anticodon GCU in serine tRNA. During vertebrate mitochondrial evolution, AGR stop codons presumably were created from UAG stop by deletion of the first nucleotide U and by use of R as the third nucleotide that had existed next to the ancestral UAG stop.

References

Feb 1, 1988·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·S OsawaK Umesono
Apr 1, 1989·Journal of Molecular Evolution·S Osawa, T H Jukes
Jan 1, 1988·Current Genetics·P CantatoreM N Gadaleta
Jan 1, 1986·Journal of Molecular Evolution·T H Jukes, V Bhushan
Jul 20, 1988·Journal of Molecular Biology·H T JacobsA Farquharson
Apr 1, 1988·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·N Sueoka
May 1, 1988·Molecular & General Genetics : MGG·F YamaoA Ishihama
Jan 1, 1987·Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology·T H JukesN Lehman
Mar 1, 1987·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·D R WolstenholmeJ A Wahleithner
Oct 11, 1983·Nucleic Acids Research·D O Clary, D R Wolstenholme
Apr 9, 1981·Nature·S AndersonI G Young
Oct 1, 1981·Cell·M J BibbD A Clayton
Apr 15, 1962·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·N SUEOKA

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Dec 1, 1993·Origins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere : the Journal of the International Society for the Study of the Origin of Life·T Ueda, K Watanabe
Jan 1, 1993·Journal of Molecular Evolution·S YokoboriK Watanabe
May 27, 2009·Origins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere : the Journal of the International Society for the Study of the Origin of Life·Robert W Griffith
Aug 30, 2011·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Zofia M A Chrzanowska-LightowlersRobert N Lightowlers
Apr 20, 2006·PLoS Biology·Federico AbascalRafael Zardoya
Feb 2, 2013·PloS One·Dennis Görlich, Peter Dittrich
Dec 1, 1990·Experientia·T H Jukes, S Osawa
Dec 1, 1990·Experientia·T H Jukes
Jun 19, 2015·Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part C, Environmental Carcinogenesis & Ecotoxicology Reviews·Tit-Yee Wong, Steve D Schwartzbach
Mar 9, 2012·Mitochondrial DNA·Federico AbascalRafael Zardoya
Oct 19, 2011·Journal of Nucleic Acids·Kimitsuna Watanabe, Shin-Ichi Yokobori
Jul 23, 1990·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·S OsawaT Ohama
Nov 27, 2018·Genome Biology and Evolution·Yuanning LiKenneth M Halanych
Sep 6, 2017·RNA Biology·Maϊwen Caudron-Herger, Sven Diederichs
Nov 1, 1995·Biochemistry and Cell Biology = Biochimie Et Biologie Cellulaire·S G Andersson, C G Kurland
Mar 1, 1992·Microbiological Reviews·S OsawaA Muto
Jun 1, 1990·Microbiological Reviews·S G Andersson, C G Kurland

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.