Evolutionary constraints on the plastid tRNA set decoding methionine and isoleucine.

Nucleic Acids Research
Sibah AlkatibRalph Bock

Abstract

The plastid (chloroplast) genomes of seed plants typically encode 30 tRNAs. Employing wobble and superwobble mechanisms, most codon boxes are read by only one or two tRNA species. The reduced set of plastid tRNAs follows the evolutionary trend of organellar genomes to shrink in size and coding capacity. A notable exception is the AUN codon box specifying methionine and isoleucine, which is decoded by four tRNA species in nearly all seed plants. However, three of these four tRNA genes were lost from the genomes of some parasitic plastid-containing lineages, possibly suggesting that less than four tRNA species could be sufficient to decode the triplets in the AUN box. To test this hypothesis, we have performed knockout experiments for the four AUN-decoding tRNAs in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plastids. We find that all four tRNA genes are essential under both autotrophic and heterotrophic growth conditions, possibly suggesting tRNA import into plastids of parasitic plastid-bearing species. Phylogenetic analysis of the four plastid tRNA genes reveals striking conservation of all those bacterial features that are involved in discrimination between the different tRNA species containing CAU anticodons.

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Citations

Mar 7, 2014·Journal of Plant Research·Naoyuki TajimaNaoki Sato
Mar 5, 2014·Molecular Plant·Nadine Tiller, Ralph Bock
Jun 9, 2016·Genome Biology and Evolution·Chih-Yao HsuShu-Miaw Chaw
May 10, 2017·Nucleic Acids Research·Michael TillichStephan Greiner
Jul 26, 2018·The Plant Journal : for Cell and Molecular Biology·Marcin JanowskiMarek Mutwil
Dec 12, 2018·Genome Biology and Evolution·Francisco Figueroa-MartinezAdrian Reyes-Prieto
Sep 17, 2013·Journal of Integrative Plant Biology·Tuan LongXianghua Li
Oct 24, 2013·The Plant Journal : for Cell and Molecular Biology·Lars B Scharff, Ralph Bock
Mar 1, 2020·Planta·Claudia L HenriquezMichael R McKain
Oct 20, 2018·Frontiers in Plant Science·Yujiao QuChristian Schmitz-Linneweber
Apr 10, 2019·BMC Evolutionary Biology·Athanasios ZervasOle Seberg
Dec 11, 2019·BMC Evolutionary Biology·Travis J LawrenceDavid H Ardell

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
acetylation
aminoacylation
PCR
electrophoresis

Software Mentioned

MUSCLE
PHYLIP

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