Evolutionary journey of the Gc protein (vitamin D-binding protein) across vertebrates

Intrinsically Disordered Proteins
Shaheena AnwarZulfiqar A Bhutta

Abstract

With so many diverse functions such as transporter of vitamin D metabolites and fatty acids, actin scavenger and macrophage activating factor, Gc must have been one of the most conserved proteins in animal kingdom. Our objective was to investigate the evolution of Gc by analyzing its differences at protein level. Using BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) searches, Gc amino acid sequences were analyzed for homology. Clustal W2 and Jalview were used for multiple sequence alignment analysis, phylogenetic tree by PhyML 3.0 while Batch Web CD-Search Tool was used for identification for conserved domains within protein sequences. Gc protein percent identity between human and rabbit was 83%, which decreased to 81% with cow, 78% with mouse, 76% with rat, 51% with chicken, 41% with frog and 28% with zebrafish. Phylogram showed that rat Gc was the most diverged, while chicken Gc was the most conserved protein. Analysis also indicated high homology among mammals (human, rabbit, cow, rat, and mouse). Gc is a highly conserved protein in chicken and zebrafish. However, the distance from ancestral protein gradually increased in amphibian (frog) and mammals (human, rabbit, cow, rat, and mouse). Human Gc and rabbit Gc appear to be recentl...Continue Reading

References

Dec 1, 1985·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·F YangB H Bowman
Dec 1, 1985·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·N E Cooke, E V David
Aug 1, 1989·Endocrine Reviews·N E Cooke, J G Haddad
Sep 21, 2000·Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism : TEM·P White, N Cooke
Jan 19, 2002·Nature Structural Biology·Christel VerbovenCamiel De Ranter
Oct 8, 2003·Systematic Biology·Stéphane Guindon, Olivier Gascuel
May 16, 2006·Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry·Marijn SpeeckaertYouri E C Taes
May 1, 2010·Science·Uffe HellstenDaniel S Rokhsar
Nov 27, 2010·Nucleic Acids Research·Aron Marchler-BauerStephen H Bryant

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Sep 10, 2021·Genetics, Selection, Evolution : GSE·Christos DadousisJohn M Hickey

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Datasets Mentioned

BETA
AAA41080.1
BAA06137.1

Methods Mentioned

BETA
AFM

Software Mentioned

ClutalW2
ClustalW2
Jalview
Clustal W2
BLOSUM62
PhyML
Batch Web CD - Search
Clustal X

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.