Evolutionary Novelty in a Butterfly Wing Pattern through Enhancer Shuffling

PLoS Biology
Richard W R WallbankChris D Jiggins

Abstract

An important goal in evolutionary biology is to understand the genetic changes underlying novel morphological structures. We investigated the origins of a complex wing pattern found among Amazonian Heliconius butterflies. Genome sequence data from 142 individuals across 17 species identified narrow regions associated with two distinct red colour pattern elements, dennis and ray. We hypothesise that these modules in non-coding sequence represent distinct cis-regulatory loci that control expression of the transcription factor optix, which in turn controls red pattern variation across Heliconius. Phylogenetic analysis of the two elements demonstrated that they have distinct evolutionary histories and that novel adaptive morphological variation was created by shuffling these cis-regulatory modules through recombination between divergent lineages. In addition, recombination of modules into different combinations within species further contributes to diversity. Analysis of the timing of diversification in these two regions supports the hypothesis of introgression moving regulatory modules between species, rather than shared ancestral variation. The dennis phenotype introgressed into Heliconius melpomene at about the same time that ra...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 21, 2016·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Chris D JigginsJoseph J Hanly
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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
KU200223
ERP009041

Methods Mentioned

BETA
Human
PCR

Software Mentioned

Basic Local Alignment Search Tool ( BLAST )
MEGA
Stampy
R R Development Core Team
RealignerTargetCreator
TreeAnnotator
UnifiedGenotyper
R Development Core Team
BEAST
PHYML Geneious

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