Evolutionary trade-offs of insecticide resistance - The fitness costs associated with target-site mutations in the nAChR of Drosophila melanogaster.

Molecular Ecology
Rafael A HomemT G Emyr Davies

Abstract

The evolution of resistance to drugs and pesticides poses a major threat to human health and food security. Neonicotinoids are highly effective insecticides used to control agricultural pests. They target the insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and mutations of the receptor that confer resistance have been slow to develop, with only one field-evolved mutation being reported to date. This is an arginine-to-threonine substitution at position 81 of the nAChR_β1 subunit in neonicotinoid-resistant aphids. To validate the role of R81T in neonicotinoid resistance and to test whether it may confer any significant fitness costs to insects, CRISPR/Cas9 was used to introduce an analogous mutation in the genome of Drosophila melanogaster. Flies carrying R81T showed an increased tolerance (resistance) to neonicotinoid insecticides, accompanied by a significant reduction in fitness. In comparison, flies carrying a deletion of the whole nAChR_α6 subunit, the target site of spinosyns, showed an increased tolerance to this class of insecticides but presented almost no fitness deficits.

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Citations

Jan 23, 2021·Scientific Reports·Kiah TasmanJames J L Hodge
Jul 17, 2021·Pest Management Science·Bartlomiej J TroczkaChris Bass
Aug 28, 2021·Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology·Gerald B WatsonThomas C Sparks
Sep 10, 2021·Pest Management Science·Fillothei PapadimitriouJohn T Margaritopoulos
Oct 28, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Makoto IshimotaNaruto Tomiyama

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
PCRs
electrophoresis
transgenic
genotyping
dissection

Software Mentioned

CHOPCHOP
Ctrax fly tracker
GraphPad Prism
Genstat
GraphPad

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