Examination of concurrent exposure to repeated stress and chlorpyrifos on cholinergic, glutamatergic, and monoamine neurotransmitter systems in rat forebrain regions

International Journal of Toxicology
Thitiya PungMarion Ehrich

Abstract

Repeated stress has been reported to cause reversible impairment in the central nervous system (CNS). It was proposed that alterations in glutamatergic, cholinergic, and monoamine neurotransmitter systems after exposure to stress are initial CNS events contributing to this impairment and that exacerbation could occur with concurrent exposure to cholinesterase inhibitors. Effects of concurrent exposure to repeated stress and chlorpyrifos on activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), carboxylesterase, and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT); concentrations of excitatory amino acids, monoamines, and their metabolites; and maximum binding densities (B(max)) and equilibrium dissociation rate constants (K(d)) of glutamatergic N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) and total muscarinic cholinergic receptors were studied in the blood, hippocampus, cerebral cortex, or hypothalamus of adult Long-Evans rats. Stress treatments extended over 28 days included (1) control rats handled 5 days/week; (2) rats restrained 1 h/day for 5 days/week; (3) rats swum 30 min for 1 day/week; or (4) rats restrained 4 days/week and swum for 1 day/week. On day 24, each stress treatment group was randomly divided and injected either with corn oil or chlorpyrifos, 160 mg/kg ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 10, 2014·Toxicological Sciences : an Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology·Vanessa HausherrNicole Schöbel
Jan 2, 2016·Chemico-biological Interactions·Sarah J JudgeSarah E Gartside
Feb 21, 2013·International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health·Carmen Freire, Sergio Koifman
Jul 17, 2012·Neurotoxicology and Teratology·Theodore A SlotkinFrederic J Seidler
May 16, 2009·Neurotoxicology·Carla S LimaYael Abreu-Villaça
Jan 1, 2008·Toxicology Letters·Margarita MorenoFernando Sanchez-Santed
Mar 19, 2014·Acta Physiologica Hungarica·F HashemiKornélia Tekes
Jan 2, 2007·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology·Sandra HancockBernard S Jortner
Dec 22, 2007·Toxicologic Pathology·Kurt L ZimmermanBernard S Jortner

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