Examining the Behavior of Crop-Derived ARGs in Anaerobic Sludge Batch Reactors Under Thermophilic Conditions

Biotechnology and Bioengineering
Courtney M GardnerClaudia K Gunsch

Abstract

The consumption of transgenic crops and their by-products has become increasingly common in the United States. Yet, uncertainty remains regarding the fate and behavior of DNA within food matrices once it exits the digestive track and enters into wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Because many transgenic crops have historically contained ARGs as selection markers, understanding the behavior and uptake of these transgenes by environmental microbes is of critical importance. To investigate the behavior of free transgenic crop DNA, thermophilic anaerobic batch reactors were amended with varying concentrations of transgenic crop genes (i.e., LUG, nptII, and bla) and the persistence of those genes was monitored over 60 days using qPCR. Significant levels of nptII and bla were detected in extracellular DNA (eDNA). Furthermore, LUG maize marker genes were also detected in the control reactors, suggesting that other crop derived transgenes contained within digested transgenic foods may also enter WWTPs. Possible bacterial transformation events were detected within the highest dose treatments at Days 30 and 60 of incubation. These findings suggest that within the average conventional digester residence times in the United States (30 da...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 30, 2021·Water Science and Technology : a Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research·Sumaiya Saifur, Courtney M Gardner

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