Examining the gender, ethnicity, and age dimensions of the healthy immigrant effect: factors in the development of equitable health policy.

International Journal for Equity in Health
Karen M Kobayashi, Steven G Prus

Abstract

This study expands on previous research on the healthy immigrant effect (HIE) in Canada by considering the effects of both immigrant and visible minority status on self-rated health for males and females in mid-(45-64) and later life (65+). The findings reveal a strong HIE among new immigrant middle-aged men, particularly non-Whites. For older men of color the reality is strikingly different: they are disadvantaged in health compared to their Canadian-born counterparts, even when a number of demographic, economic, and lifestyle factors are controlled. Health outcomes for immigrant women are in contrast to that of immigrant men. Among middle-aged women, immigrants, regardless of their ethnicity or number of years since immigration, are much more likely to report poor health compared to the Canadian-born. And, for older women, recent non-white immigrants are more likely to report better health compared to Canadian-born women, although this finding is explained by differences in demographic, economic, and lifestyle factors. Overall, the findings demonstrate the importance of considering the intersections of age, gender, and ethnicity for policymakers in assessing the health of immigrants.

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Citations

Feb 16, 2013·American Journal of Public Health·Il-Ho KimSamuel Noh
Jun 24, 2014·Social Science & Medicine·Rajendra Prasad Subedi, Mark Warren Rosenberg
Jan 30, 2016·Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities·Shervin AssariAmanda Leggett
Jan 8, 2015·Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health·Aliya Kuerban
Apr 5, 2014·Transfusion·Celine AkyurekliDavid S Allan
Jan 19, 2020·Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health·Emmanuel KyeremehBridget Osei Henewaah Annor
May 29, 2018·Current Epidemiology Reports·Margarita AlegríaKarissa DiMarzio
Aug 21, 2017·European Journal of Population = Revue Européenne De Démographie·Santosh JatranaSamba Siva Rao Pasupuleti
Feb 6, 2014·Canadian Journal of Public Health = Revue Canadienne De Santé Publique·Jessica WiddifieldClaire Bombardier
Mar 13, 2020·Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health·Bianca E Bersani, Melissa S Morabito
Jul 4, 2020·Canadian Journal on Aging = La Revue Canadienne Du Vieillissement·Catherine E Tong, Joanie Sims-Gould
Aug 29, 2021·Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health·Yujiro Sano, Roger Antabe

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