Exceptional discovery of a shallow-water hydrothermal site in the SW area of Basiluzzo islet (Aeolian archipelago, South Tyrrhenian Sea): An environment to preserve

PloS One
Valentina EspositoTeresa Romeo

Abstract

The geological, biological and geochemical features of a particular field of hydrothermal vents, discovered in the Panarea Volcanic Complex during a research survey carried out in 2015, are described for the first time. The site, located at 70-80 m depth off the South-western coast of the islet of Basiluzzo, was named Smoking Land for the presence of a large number of wide and high active chimneys and was characterized in terms of dissolved benthic fluxes, associated macrofauna and megafauna communities and preliminary mineralogy and geochemistry of chimney structures. On the whole field, a total of 39 chimneys, different in size and shape, were closely observed and described; 14 of them showed emission of low temperature hydrothermal fluids of marine origin characterized by acidified chemical conditions. The CTD and benthic chamber measurements highlighted that the Smoking Land is able to form a sea water bottom layer characterized by variable acidity and high DIC and trace elements concentrations; these characteristics weaken moving away from the chimney mouths. The SEM-EDS analysis of the collected solid samples revealed a chimney structure principally composed by amorphous and low crystalline Fe-oxyhydroxides of hydrotherma...Continue Reading

References

Mar 16, 1979·Science·J B CorlissT H van Andel
Dec 4, 2008·Extremophiles : Life Under Extreme Conditions·Teresa Luciana MaugeriErko Stackebrandt
Apr 15, 2014·Marine Environmental Research·Cindy Lee Van Dover
Jul 30, 2014·Nature Climate Change·Stefano GoffredoGiuseppe Falini
Feb 3, 2015·Global Change Biology·Riccardo Rodolfo-MetalpaFanny Houlbrèque

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
X-ray

Software Mentioned

HIPS
SIPS ( Caris )
Seafloor Information System ( SIS )
PERMANOVA +
Agisoft PhotoScan
GEO
QUANT T
Sol
STATISTICA
PRIMER6

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