Exceptional error minimization in putative primordial genetic codes.

Biology Direct
Artem S Novozhilov, Eugene V Koonin

Abstract

The standard genetic code is redundant and has a highly non-random structure. Codons for the same amino acids typically differ only by the nucleotide in the third position, whereas similar amino acids are encoded, mostly, by codon series that differ by a single base substitution in the third or the first position. As a result, the code is highly albeit not optimally robust to errors of translation, a property that has been interpreted either as a product of selection directed at the minimization of errors or as a non-adaptive by-product of evolution of the code driven by other forces. We investigated the error-minimization properties of putative primordial codes that consisted of 16 supercodons, with the third base being completely redundant, using a previously derived cost function and the error minimization percentage as the measure of a code's robustness to mistranslation. It is shown that, when the 16-supercodon table is populated with 10 putative primordial amino acids, inferred from the results of abiotic synthesis experiments and other evidence independent of the code's evolution, and with minimal assumptions used to assign the remaining supercodons, the resulting 2-letter codes are nearly optimal in terms of the error m...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 15, 2012·Biology Direct·Inna S PovolotskayaPeter K Vlasov
Feb 7, 2014·Origins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere : the Journal of the International Society for the Study of the Origin of Life·Ashutosh Vishwa BandhuSupratim Sengupta
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Jan 19, 2018·Journal of Molecular Evolution·Gregory A BabbittAndré O Hudson
Nov 5, 2020·Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics·Horst H KlumpKenneth J Breslauer

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