Exercise and heart failure in the elderly.

Heart Failure Reviews
Tissa Kappagoda, Ezra A Amsterdam

Abstract

In this review, we will examine the physiological responses to exercise in elderly populations (age > 65 years) with and without evidence of heart failure. Aging per se in both men and women is associated with a ~40% lower maximum oxygen consumption in sedentary subjects. In trained individuals, this value is 25-32% lower. A smaller SV accounts for nearly 50% of these age-related differences, and the remainder is explained by a lower maximal HR and reduced oxygen extraction. Exercise training is also associated with an increase in the arteriovenous O(2) difference in previously sedentary elderly men and women, which probably contributes to the overall beneficial effect of training in the elderly. However, during vigorous exercise (125 W), the cardiac output in the elderly is dependent upon an age-related increase in end-diastolic volume and stroke volume, which "compensates" partially for the age-related decrease in heart rate. Hence, in elderly individuals, the stroke volume during exercise depends upon diastolic filling. The changes that occur in the heart are also associated with an overall reduction in efferent sympathetic nerve activity. Despite this decline, the metaboreflex initiated by receptors in exercising muscles re...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 13, 2015·Revista española de geriatría y gerontología·David ChiviteFrancesc Formiga
Mar 3, 2015·Journal of Cardiac Failure·Ruth M Masterson CreberBarbara Riegel
Nov 20, 2012·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·Christopher M O'Connor, Tariq Ahmad
Feb 4, 2016·Circulation Research·Jason RohAnthony Rosenzweig
Oct 13, 2016·ERJ Open Research·Cristina PisteaAnne Charloux
Aug 19, 2020·Nature Metabolism·Jose B N MoreiraUlrik Wisløff

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