ExoMars alternative escape trajectories with Soyuz/Fregat

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
Jesús Gil-FernándezM A Perino

Abstract

The objectives of ExoMars are to inject an orbiter around Mars and to land a rover on the surface to look for possible traces of life. During the first stages of the feasibility analysis, the mass margin of the orbiter was very small for a direct transfer in the Soyuz/Fregat scenario. An analysis of the combined use of lunar swing-bys and the Sun gravity gradient is performed with WESBOT in order to obtain alternative trajectories for injecting higher mass into Mars transfer. WESBOT is a GMV tool to find WSB transfers to the Moon and to design escape trajectories by performing several swing-bys with the Moon and the Earth. The weak stability boundary has been successfully used for lunar transfers (Hiten, SMART-1). For escape trajectories from the Earth, the potential mass gains depend on the escape direction and the departure date to make a series of gravity assists with the help of the Sun gravity gradient to save DeltaV. Several strategies are studied depending on the number and order of swing-bys. The departing conditions (date and orbit) are optimized but the arrival date to Mars is maintained because of mission requirements. For each type of strategy, a systematic search of initial guess trajectories is performed. The init...Continue Reading

References

Jan 21, 2004·The Breast : Official Journal of the European Society of Mastology·K HorganA Robertson

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