Expanded paper towel test: an objective test of urine loss for stress incontinence

Neurourology and Urodynamics
Patricia NeumannRuth Grant

Abstract

To investigate the repeatability of a short stress test of coughing and jumping (the expanded Paper Towel Test (PTT)) to quantify urine loss in stress incontinent adult women. In the laboratory, the reliability of two methods of measuring the size of the wet area, produced by a typical volume of water titrated onto paper towel was investigated and some absorbency properties of the brand of towel used were quantified. Thirty one women performed a provocative coughing and jumping test on consecutive days using a "perineal pad" of paper towel. The repeatability coefficient was calculated. The provocative test was repeatable to within 2.8 ml of urine loss, but with the exclusion of one anomalous result, the repeatability improved to lie within 1 ml. The coefficient of variation (CV) for the between-method differences (computer scanning and graph paper) was 1.27%. A volume of 1 ml of water produced a wet area of 25.7 cm2. The range of measurable areas corresponded to volumes of 0.005-8 ml. Standardization of method is required because the size of the wet area differed by manufacturer of paper towel (P < 0.01, two products compared) and with time elapsed since titration (P < 0.01). The "expanded PTT" is a simple tool for quantificati...Continue Reading

References

Jun 1, 1991·British Journal of Urology·A L Lagro-JanssenC van Weel
Jul 22, 1998·Journal of the American Geriatrics Society·J M MillerJ O DeLancey
Jun 29, 1999·International Urogynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction·A M RyhammerS Laurberg
Sep 29, 1999·Statistical Methods in Medical Research·J M Bland, D G Altman
Feb 22, 2002·Neurourology and Urodynamics·Paul AbramsUNKNOWN Standardisation Sub-committee of the International Continence Society

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Citations

Jan 22, 2008·International Urogynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction·Janis M MillerJohn O L DeLancey
Nov 1, 2005·Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health·Patricia B NeumannVirginia A Gill
May 21, 2005·The Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology·Patricia B NeumannVirginia A Gill

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