Expansile pneumonia in children caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis: clinical, radiological, and bronchoscopic appearances

Pediatric Pulmonology
P GoussardN Beyers

Abstract

A cohort of 24 children with expansile pneumonia caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is described in mostly HIV-noninfected children (n = 22). The children presented with nonresolving pneumonia and a swinging fever (83%). On chest radiography, they had dense opacification with bulging fissures mainly in the upper lobes (75%). On computed tomography, the lobes are consolidated, with areas of liquefacation. Other features visible are enlarged mediastinal lymph adenopathy with ring enhancement (100%), cavities (63%), and tracheal compression (71%). On bronchoscopy, bronchi were obstructed by more than 75% in 20 (83%) of cases. Lymph gland enucleation was required in 42% of cases. Phrenic nerve palsy was present in 3 children, of whom 2 underwent diaphragmatic plication. The children received standard antituberculous therapy, to which prednisone (2 mg/kg/day) was added for 1 month. The mortality was 4% after 6 months of therapy.

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Citations

May 29, 2007·Pediatric Radiology·Stephanie Barbara Griffith-RichardsDavid L Kathan
Apr 1, 2006·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·B J MaraisN Beyers
Jun 16, 2010·Respirology : Official Journal of the Asian Pacific Society of Respirology·H Simon SchaafPeter D O Davies
Feb 18, 2006·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·Ben J MaraisJeff R Starke
Jan 1, 2014·Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine·Pierre Goussard, Robert Gie
Jun 1, 2016·The Indian Journal of Medical Research·R P Gie
Jun 19, 2007·Paediatric Respiratory Reviews·Pierre Goussard, Robert Gie
Jun 24, 2016·Global Pediatric Health·Evrard Romaric NikaGeorges Moyen
Mar 24, 2018·The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal·Kathryn M HulmePaul D Robinson
Jan 26, 2007·The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine·Ki Man LeeSung Jin Kim
Oct 19, 2017·Pediatric Radiology·Savvas AndronikouErich Sorantin
Jun 27, 2020·The Lancet Infectious Diseases·Sanjay K JainCarlos M Perez-Velez
Apr 8, 2017·Microbiology Spectrum·Gabriella S Lamb, Jeffrey R Starke
Aug 24, 2021·Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease·Pierre GoussardJacques Janson

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