Expansion of commensal fungus Wallemia mellicola in the gastrointestinal mycobiota enhances the severity of allergic airway disease in mice

PLoS Pathogens
Joseph H SkalskiDavid M Underhill

Abstract

The gastrointestinal microbiota influences immune function throughout the body. The gut-lung axis refers to the concept that alterations of gut commensal microorganisms can have a distant effect on immune function in the lung. Overgrowth of intestinal Candida albicans has been previously observed to exacerbate allergic airways disease in mice, but whether subtler changes in intestinal fungal microbiota can affect allergic airways disease is less clear. In this study we have investigated the effects of the population expansion of commensal fungus Wallemia mellicola without overgrowth of the total fungal community. Wallemia spp. are commonly found as a minor component of the commensal gastrointestinal mycobiota in both humans and mice. Mice with an unaltered gut microbiota community resist population expansion when gavaged with W. mellicola; however, transient antibiotic depletion of gut microbiota creates a window of opportunity for expansion of W. mellicola following delivery of live spores to the gastrointestinal tract. This phenomenon is not universal as other commensal fungi (Aspergillus amstelodami, Epicoccum nigrum) do not expand when delivered to mice with antibiotic-depleted microbiota. Mice with Wallemia-expanded gut my...Continue Reading

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
PRJNA451226

Methods Mentioned

BETA
amplicon sequencing
PCR
bronchoalveolar lavage
ELISA
flow cytometry
16S sequencing
lavage
PMA
ELISAs
Light microscopy

Software Mentioned

FlowJo
SeqPrep
BLAST
LEfSe
GraphPad
JMP Pro
R package phyloseq
QIIME
Buxco
GraphPad Prism

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