Expansion of variant diversity associated with a high prevalence of pathogen strain superinfection under conditions of natural transmission.

Infection and Immunity
Massaro W UetiGuy H Palmer

Abstract

Superinfection occurs when a second, genetically distinct pathogen strain infects a host that has already mounted an immune response to a primary strain. For antigenically variant pathogens, the primary strain itself expresses a broad diversity of variants over time. Thus, successful superinfection would require that the secondary strain express a unique set of variants. We tested this hypothesis under conditions of natural transmission in both temperate and tropical regions where, respectively, single-strain infections and strain superinfections of the tick-borne pathogen Anaplasma marginale predominate. Our conclusion that strain superinfection is associated with a significant increase in variant diversity is supported by progressive analysis of variant composition: (i) animals with naturally acquired superinfection had a statistically significantly greater number of unique variant sequences than animals either experimentally infected with single strains or infected with a single strain naturally, (ii) the greater number of unique sequences reflected a statistically significant increase in primary structural diversity in the superinfected animals, and (iii) the increase in primary structural diversity reflected increased comb...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 16, 2013·PLoS Pathogens·James P J HallJ David Barry
Jan 1, 2015·Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases·Eliana C GuillemiMarisa D Farber
Aug 13, 2014·Infection and Immunity·Artem S Rogovskyy, Troy Bankhead
Oct 8, 2014·Infection and Immunity·Eduardo Vallejo EsquerraGuy H Palmer
Aug 15, 2013·Cellular Microbiology·Guy H Palmer, Kelly A Brayton
Mar 22, 2016·Microbiology Spectrum·Guy H PalmerH Steven Seifert
Jun 25, 2015·Microbiology Spectrum·Richard McCullochJames P J Hall

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