Experiences of stigma in healthcare settings among adults living with HIV in the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Journal of the International AIDS Society
Fatemeh Rahmati-NajarkolaeiSedigheh S Tavafian

Abstract

People living with HIV (PLHIV) sometimes experience discrimination. There is little understanding of the causes, forms and consequences of this stigma in Islamic countries. This qualitative study explored perceptions and experiences of PLHIV regarding both the quality of healthcare and the attitudes and behaviours of their healthcare providers in the Islamic Republic of Iran. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were held with a purposively selected group of 69 PLHIV recruited from two HIV care clinics in Tehran. Data were analyzed using the content analysis approach. Nearly all participants reported experiencing stigma and discrimination by their healthcare providers in a variety of contexts. Participants perceived that their healthcare providers' fear of being infected with HIV, coupled with religious and negative value-based assumptions about PLHIV, led to high levels of stigma. Participants mentioned at least four major forms of stigma: (1) refusal of care; (2) sub-optimal care; (3) excessive precautions and physical distancing; and (4) humiliation and blaming. The participants' healthcare-seeking behavioural reactions to perceived stigma and discrimination included avoiding or delaying seeking care, not disclosing HIV stat...Continue Reading

References

Feb 1, 1994·International Journal of Nursing Studies·T W Kohi, M J Horrocks
Oct 20, 2001·Ethics & Behavior·Sandra L FriedmanJoseph Marrone
Jul 12, 2002·Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health·A MashimoT Umenai
Mar 3, 2004·Social Science & Medicine·Peter B Gray
Mar 5, 2004·Comprehensive Psychiatry·K KanyasB Lerer
Mar 10, 2004·AIDS Patient Care and STDs·Sheryl Thorburn BirdDouglas L Delahanty
May 26, 2004·BMC Public Health·Anahita TavoosiZahra Ahmadinezhad
Jul 23, 2005·AIDS Care·S PaxtonA Quesada
Jan 19, 2006·Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology : the Official Journal of the Society of Hospital Epidemiologists of America·Mehrdad AskarianOjan Assadian
Feb 14, 2006·Lancet·Bruce G Link, Jo C Phelan
Apr 22, 2006·Occupational Medicine·Aleksandra Jovic-VranesDragan Miljus
May 19, 2006·AIDS Patient Care and STDs·Heidemarie KremerMartin Hautzinger
Oct 4, 2006·American Journal of Infection Control·Mehrdad AskarianMary-Louise McLaws
Dec 16, 2006·International Journal of Epidemiology·Harriet Deacon, Andrew Boulle
Dec 19, 2006·International Journal of Epidemiology·Li LiSheng Wu
Dec 26, 2006·Social Science & Medicine·Lawrence Hsin YangByron Good
Jan 19, 2007·Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology : the Official Journal of the Society of Hospital Epidemiologists of America·Mehrdad AskarianBarry Cookson
May 24, 2007·Public Health Reports·Nancy SohlerChinazo Cunningham
Sep 6, 2007·Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine·Jennifer N SaylesWilliam E Cunningham
Sep 5, 2008·AIDS and Behavior·H FallahzadehM H Ehrampoosh
Sep 26, 2008·The Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health·Chiamaka N UmehMichael W Ross
Nov 6, 2008·Sociology of Health & Illness·Scott Edward RutledgeTheresa J McCann
Nov 26, 2008·AIDS Patient Care and STDs·Aisha Andrewin, Li-Yin Chien
Mar 17, 2009·Journal of the International AIDS Society·Odetoyinbo MorolakeAlice Welbourn
Mar 31, 2009·AIDS Patient Care and STDs·Priscilla S DlaminiWilliam L Holzemer
Jul 30, 2009·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS·Robert H RemienWafaa El-Sadr
Aug 4, 2009·Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences·Tarja SuominenMaritta Välimäki
Aug 8, 2009·Journal of the International AIDS Society·Laura NybladeKim Ashburn
Aug 28, 2009·Journal of the International AIDS Society·Chandra K Jha, Jeanne Madison

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Dec 15, 2012·American Journal of Public Health·Li LiZhihua Yan
Nov 28, 2013·Journal of the International AIDS Society·Nelson Varas-DíazSheilla Rodríguez-Madera
Nov 28, 2013·Journal of the International AIDS Society·Li LiZunyou Wu
Dec 3, 2014·AIDS Patient Care and STDs·Sarah E StutterheimArjan E R Bos
Feb 4, 2016·Sexual Health·Hassan Hosseinzadeh, Ann Dadich
Sep 14, 2016·International Journal of High Risk Behaviors & Addiction·Mercedeh SamieiHooman Naranjiha
Apr 26, 2016·Journal of Occupational Health·Tomohiro IshimaruDerek R Smith
Jul 16, 2016·BMC Health Services Research·Mitra RashidianMark Ghamsary
Sep 7, 2017·Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care·Rena MaimaitiRune Andersson
May 27, 2014·The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANAC·Mohammad KaramouzianFarzaneh Zolala
Aug 24, 2017·The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANAC·Mariam DavtyanCynthia Lakon
Apr 18, 2016·The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANAC·Mariam DavtyanToni Frederick
May 30, 2019·Journal of Biosocial Science·Maryam GharachehSimin Montazeri
Mar 13, 2020·Sociology of Health & Illness·Hossein Akbari, Saeid Safari
Apr 9, 2020·Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases·Seyed Ahmad Seyed AlinaghiAli Mirzazadeh
Jun 4, 2016·Gastroenterology Nursing : the Official Journal of the Society of Gastroenterology Nurses and Associates·Reza ShabanloeiRoya Dolatkhah
Jul 7, 2018·Frontiers in Public Health·Laura NybladeMaria L Ekstrand
Mar 21, 2020·Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research·Fatemeh EbrahimiMaryam Nasirian
Nov 16, 2019·International Journal for Equity in Health·Haixia Ma, Alice Yuen Loke
Mar 13, 2020·BMC International Health and Human Rights·Dyah JuliastutiLisa Fitzgerald
May 18, 2019·AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses·Marion PariseyCharles Burdet
Feb 8, 2011·Journal of the International AIDS Society·Eduard J BeckPaul R Delay
Jun 7, 2020·Current HIV Research·Zeinab NajafiSeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi
Jul 28, 2020·The International Journal on Drug Policy·Monireh Faghir GangiAli Mirzazadeh
Mar 19, 2021·Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences·Malene MisselSelina Kikkenborg Berg
Oct 17, 2020·Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care·Sima MokhtarabadiMahlagha Dehghan
Mar 31, 2021·The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANAC·Rahmatollah Moradzadeh, Maryam Zamanian

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.