PMID: 15244692Jul 13, 2004Paper

Experiment, theory, and simulation of the evacuation of a room without visibility

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
Motonari IsobeT Nagatani

Abstract

We study the evacuation process from a smoky room by means of experiments and simulations. People in a dark or smoky room are mimicked by "blind" students wearing eye masks. The evacuation of the disoriented students from the room is observed by video cameras, and the escape time of each student is measured. We find that the disoriented students exhibit a distinctly different behavior compared to a situation in which people can see their environment. Our experimental results are related to a theoretical approach and reproduced by an extended lattice gas model taking into account the empirically observed behavior. Our particular focus is on the mean value and distribution of escape times. For a large number of people in the room, the escape time distribution is wide because of jamming. Surprisingly, adding more exits does not improve the situation in the expected way, since most people use the exit that is discovered first, which may be viewed as a kind of herding effect based on nonlocal, but direct acoustic interactions. Moreover, the average escape time becomes minimal for a certain finite number of people in the dark or smoky room. These nonlinear effects have practical implications for emergency evacuation and the planning ...Continue Reading

References

May 1, 1995·Physical Review. E, Statistical Physics, Plasmas, Fluids, and Related Interdisciplinary Topics·D Helbing, P Molnár
Oct 4, 2000·Physical Review Letters·D HelbingT Vicsek
Oct 12, 2000·Nature·D HelbingT Vicsek
Feb 28, 2002·Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics·J DzubiellaH Löwen
Oct 26, 2005·Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics·Dirk HelbingKouhei Takimoto

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Citations

Aug 29, 2014·Journal of the Royal Society, Interface·Daniel StrömbomAndrew J King
Apr 14, 2017·Royal Society Open Science·A Colombi, M Scianna
May 15, 2009·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Mehdi MoussaïdGuy Theraulaz
Nov 9, 2011·Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics·Qing-Yi HaoQing-Song Wu
Oct 12, 2018·PLoS Computational Biology·Daniel Strömbom, Audrey Dussutour
May 20, 2018·Physical Review. E·Ryosuke Yano
Feb 6, 2020·Chaos·Qiaoru LiLiang Chen
May 18, 2018·Frontiers in Robotics and AI·Daniel Strömbom, Andrew J King
Nov 13, 2007·Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics·Wenjian Yu, Anders Johansson
Sep 4, 2008·Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics·Takashi Mashiko
Jun 19, 2013·Physical Review Letters·Jesse L SilverbergItai Cohen
Oct 15, 2008·Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics·Hai-Jun Huang, Ren-Yong Guo
May 16, 2007·Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics·Dirk HelbingHabib Zein Al-Abideen

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