Experimental Usutu virus infection of suckling mice causes neuronal and glial cell apoptosis and demyelination

Acta Neuropathologica
Herbert WeissenböckNorbert Nowotny

Abstract

Usutu virus (USUV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus of the Japanese encephalitis virus group has been responsible for avian mortality in Austria since 2001. In the present study, the neuropathogenicity and neuroinvasiveness of USUV for 1-week-old suckling mice was investigated. After intraperitoneal inoculation, clinical signs like depression, disorientation, paraplegia, paralysis and coma were observed between 6 and 11 days post infection. Histologically, there was widespread neuronal apoptosis especially in the brain stem. Inflammatory infiltrates were scarce. Apoptosis was also present in white matter of cerebellum, medulla and spinal cord, and was frequently accompanied by primary demyelination. While apoptosis of neurons was clearly associated with presence of viral signals, the cause of apoptosis of white matter cells was more ambiguous. However, focal immunostaining was found in the white matter, especially in the spinal cord. As with all flaviviruses, USUV proved to be neuropathogenic for mice. In contrast to other flaviviruses, neuroinvasion occurred only in animals that were not older than 1 week at the time of inoculation. While neuronal apoptosis is a general aspect of flavivirus pathogenicity, demyelination seems to be...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 6, 2006·Apoptosis : an International Journal on Programmed Cell Death·Rajeev Vaidyanathan, Thomas W Scott
Oct 21, 2005·Avian Pathology : Journal of the W.V.P.A·S ChvalaH Weissenböck
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Oct 5, 2007·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·Tamás BakonyiNorbert Nowotny
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Jan 22, 2015·Viruses·Usama AshrafShengbo Cao
Sep 2, 2009·Veterinary Microbiology·G ManarollaN Nowotny
Apr 25, 2006·Journal of Veterinary Medicine. B, Infectious Diseases and Veterinary Public Health·S ChvalaH Weissenböck
Sep 20, 2018·Médecine sciences : M/S·Marion CléYannick Simonin
Apr 24, 2020·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Marion CléYannick Simonin
Aug 1, 2019·Epidemiology and Infection·M CléY Simonin
Mar 11, 2020·Frontiers in Veterinary Science·Nina Eva Trimmel, Chris Walzer
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Feb 13, 2020·Viruses·Emna BenzartiMutien-Marie Garigliany
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May 15, 2021·Euro Surveillance : Bulletin Européen Sur Les Maladies Transmissibles = European Communicable Disease Bulletin·Viktória ČabanováIvo Rudolf

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Apoptosis

Apoptosis is a specific process that leads to programmed cell death through the activation of an evolutionary conserved intracellular pathway leading to pathognomic cellular changes distinct from cellular necrosis