Experimental vacancies do not induce settlement despite habitat saturation in a cooperative breeder.

Biology Letters
Lyanne Brouwer, A Cockburn

Abstract

The paradox of cooperative breeding, whereby individuals assist others instead of reproducing independently, is generally explained through ecological constraints, but experimental evidence is scant. Here we performed the crucial test of the role of habitat saturation through the experimental creation of vacancies and found that, despite abundant presence of potential mates, subordinates are reluctant to disperse into suitable vacant habitat where conspecifics are absent. We argue that sudden disappearance of multiple group members might indicate a heightened risk of predation. Thereby the results of this study are consistent with the 'perceptual trap' hypothesis: the avoidance of habitats because cues do not accurately reflect their quality. Interestingly, this hypothesis can also explain previous findings, which were widely interpreted as evidence for ecological constraints as a driver of cooperative breeding. Our results can have considerable implications for conservation as they mean that opportunities for colonization might go unexploited.

References

Aug 17, 2002·Science·Blandine DoligezJean Clobert
Sep 11, 2003·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Tomas Pärt, Blandine Doligez
Jul 27, 2004·Science·Etienne DanchinRichard H Wagner
Nov 24, 2004·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Dik HegMichael Taborsky
Apr 10, 2007·Trends in Ecology & Evolution·James J Gilroy, William J Sutherland
Jan 27, 2011·Ecological Applications : a Publication of the Ecological Society of America·Michael A Patten, Jeffrey F Kelly

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