Experimentally induced cardiovascular malformations in the chick embryo. Part II. Teratogenic effect of Tedral (theophylline, ephedrine, and phenobarbital) on cardiac development in chick embryos

Birth defects encompass structural and functional alterations that occur during embryonic or fetal development and are present since birth. The cause may be genetic, environmental or unknown and can result in physical and/or mental impairment. Here is the latest research on birth defects.