Expert consensus on pharmacotherapy for tic disorders in Japan

Brain & Development
Yu HamamotoYukiko Kano

Abstract

We aimed to clarify the current status of pharmacotherapy for tic disorders and comorbidities in Japan. We used a systematic survey to collate the consensus of Japanese experts and compare it with the recent international evidence. We devised a questionnaire on pharmacotherapy for tics and comorbidities and sent it to Japanese experts on tic disorders. Based on the response to the first survey, we revised the questionnaire and conducted a second survey to determine the consensus among the experts on a 4-point Likert scale by the Delphi method. The first survey revealed variability in preferred medications and dosages among the experts in Japan. However, we were able to build a general consensus on pharmacotherapy for tic disorders and comorbidities based on the second survey. Aripiprazole and risperidone were the first- and second-line medication for tic disorders, respectively. Agonists of α-2 adrenergic receptors were seldom prescribed. Fluvoxamine was the first-line medication for comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder, and atomoxetine for comorbid attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. This study will help Japanese physicians choose medications for tic disorders more judiciously and will improve the quality of tic pharma...Continue Reading

Citations

Mar 20, 2020·Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology·Liping YuYing Li
Apr 15, 2020·Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy·Nicholas CothrosTamara Pringsheim
Feb 23, 2021·Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics·Joanna H Cox, Andrea E Cavanna
Mar 16, 2021·Frontiers in Psychiatry·Tracy BhikramPaul Sandor

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