Experts integrate explicit contextual priors and environmental information to improve anticipation efficiency

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Applied
N Viktor GredinA Mark Williams

Abstract

The understanding of how experts integrate prior situation-specific information (i.e., contextual priors) with emergent visual information when performing dynamic and temporally constrained tasks is limited. We used a soccer-based anticipation task to examine the ability of expert and novice players to integrate prior information about an opponent's action tendencies with unfolding environmental information such as opponent kinematics. We recorded gaze behaviors and ongoing expectations during task performance. Moreover, we assessed their final anticipatory judgments and perceived levels of cognitive effort invested. Explicit contextual priors biased the allocation of visual attention and shaped ongoing expectations in experts but not in novices. When the final action was congruent with the most likely action given the opponent's action tendencies, the contextual priors enhanced the final judgments for both groups. For incongruent trials, the explicit priors had a negative impact on the final judgments of novices but not experts. We interpreted the data using a Bayesian framework to provide novel insights into how contextual priors and dynamic environmental information are combined when making decisions under time pressure. Mor...Continue Reading

Citations

Jun 6, 2020·Journal of Sports Sciences·Lukas Magnaguagno, Ernst-Joachim Hossner
Aug 5, 2020·Journal of Motor Behavior·Dijana CocićMerim Bilalić
Dec 22, 2020·Frontiers in Sports and Active Living·Tim LüdersFlorian Loffing
Jul 22, 2021·Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry·Christian Vater, Hans Strasburger

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