Explaining purportedly irrational behavior by modeling skepticism in task parameters: an example examining confidence in forced-choice tasks

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
Craig R.M. McKenzieD C Noelle

Abstract

Many purported demonstrations of irrational behavior rely on the assumption that participants believe key task parameters that are merely asserted by experimenters. For example, previous researchers have found that participants who first reported confidence in items presented in a yes-no format did not change confidence to the degree prescribed by the normative model when those same items were later presented in a forced-choice format. A crucial assumption, however, was that participants fully believed the assertion that the forced-choice items were mutually exclusive and exhaustive. In this article, the authors derive and test a new normative model in which it is not assumed that participants fully believe the assertion. Two visual identification experiments show that the new normative model provides a compelling account of participants' confidence reports.

References

Dec 16, 1998·Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes·R H Bender
Mar 24, 1999·Memory & Cognition·C R McKenzie
Mar 26, 2003·QJM : Monthly Journal of the Association of Physicians·L Sher
Aug 16, 2003·Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics·Leo Sher
Jan 1, 1963·Journal of Experimental Psychology·M P BRYDEN
Oct 1, 1963·Journal of Abnormal Psychology·S MILGRAM
Jan 28, 2005·Memory & Cognition·Craig R M McKenzie
Feb 16, 2006·Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition·Tobias Richter, Pamela Späth
Jun 13, 2006·Cognitive Psychology·Craig R M McKenzie, Laurie A Mikkelsen

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Citations

Jul 5, 2011·The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology : QJEP·Adam J L HarrisKerry L McColgan
May 14, 2011·Cognitive Science·Andreas Jarvstad, Ulrike Hahn

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