Explaining the social gradient in long-term sickness absence: a prospective study of Danish employees

Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health
Karl B ChristensenM Kivimäki

Abstract

To identify differences in risk of sickness absence between socioeconomic groups, and to examine to what extent these differences can be explained by health behaviour and work environment factors. A cohort of 5221 employees in Denmark interviewed in 2000 regarding health behaviours and work environment were followed for 18 months in order to assess their rate of sickness absence exceeding eight consecutive weeks. Based on employment grade, job title and education respondents were classified into five socioeconomic position (SEP) groups. Executive managers and academics were the reference group. For both genders a social gradient in long-term sickness absence rates was evident. In men, controlling for health behaviours and physical work environment factors reduced rate ratios by 22-57%. Controlling for health behaviours alone reduced rate ratios by 6-13%. In women, controlling for health behaviour reduced rate ratios by 5-18%, and controlling for both health behaviours and physical work environment factors reduced rate ratios by 21-44%. Introducing psychosocial factors reduced the rate ratios further, yielding a reduction of 22-53% in the fully adjusted model. In both genders, the largest reductions were seen in skilled blue-col...Continue Reading

Citations

Mar 5, 2013·Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz·H M Hasselhorn, A Rauch
Dec 23, 2008·European Journal of Public Health·Thomas LundMargaretha Voss
Oct 22, 2009·European Journal of Public Health·Kustaa PihaEero Lahelma
Feb 10, 2010·European Journal of Public Health·Hanna HultinJette Möller
Aug 5, 2010·Occupational Medicine·M GillenP D Blanc
Jan 27, 2011·Tidsskrift for den Norske lægeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny række·Ingrid Sivesind Mehlum
Jan 7, 2010·Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation·C A M RoelenA J van der Beek
Jul 12, 2012·American Journal of Epidemiology·Theis LangeMaarten Bekaert
Feb 26, 2015·Occupational and Environmental Medicine·Mark GabbayJim Hillage
Jan 2, 2009·Public Health·Z Heritage
Aug 22, 2015·Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health·Jenni ErvastiMarianna Virtanen
May 27, 2017·European Journal of Public Health·Isabelle NiedhammerJean-François Chastang
Aug 4, 2011·Scandinavian Journal of Public Health·Hermann BurrJørgen Vinsløv Hansen
Jun 10, 2017·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Hilla SumanenOssi Rahkonen
Sep 29, 2017·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Hilla SumanenMinna Mänty
Apr 20, 2017·Circulation. Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes·Anna-Karin NuméMartin H Ruwald
Dec 3, 2010·Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine·Kristina HolmgrenLotta Dellve
May 10, 2011·Epidemiology·Theis Lange, Jørgen V Hansen
Mar 8, 2014·Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine·Kristina HolmgrenGunnel Hensing
Jul 10, 2016·The International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine·A OkeD Antai
Jul 3, 2017·International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health·Stef BouwhuisAllard J van der Beek
Jan 4, 2017·Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine·Jenni ErvastiMarianna Virtanen
Mar 10, 2015·Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine·Charlotte Diana Nørregaard RasmussenAndreas Holtermann
May 30, 2012·Cadernos de saúde pública·Sylvia Regina Trindade Yano, Vilma Sousa Santana
Jan 14, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Jenni Blomgren, Sauli Jäppinen

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.