Exploiting defective RRAM array as synapses of HTM spatial pooler with boost-factor adjustment scheme for defect-tolerant neuromorphic systems.

Scientific Reports
Jiyong WooSeung Eon Moon

Abstract

A crossbar array architecture employing resistive switching memory (RRAM) as a synaptic element accelerates vector-matrix multiplication in a parallel fashion, enabling energy-efficient pattern recognition. To implement the function of the synapse in the RRAM, multilevel resistance states are required. More importantly, a large on/off ratio of the RRAM should be preferentially obtained to ensure a reasonable margin between each state taking into account the inevitable variability caused by the inherent switching mechanism. The on/off ratio is basically adjusted in two ways by modulating measurement conditions such as compliance current or voltage pulses modulation. The latter technique is not only more suitable for practical systems, but also can achieve multiple states in low current range. However, at the expense of applying a high negative voltage aimed at enlarging the on/off ratio, a breakdown of the RRAM occurs unexpectedly. This stuck-at-short fault of the RRAM adversely affects the recognition process based on reading and judging each column current changed by the multiplication of the input voltage and resistance of the RRAM in the array, degrading the accuracy. To address this challenge, we introduce a boost-factor ad...Continue Reading

References

Sep 3, 2009·Nano Letters·Qiangfei XiaR Stanley Williams
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May 29, 2015·Nature·Yann LeCunGeoffrey Hinton
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Mar 22, 2019·Nature Materials·Qiangfei Xia, J Joshua Yang
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