Exploration of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles as a Multitarget and Multifunctional Anticancer Nanomedicine

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
Jiao WangLin Zhu

Abstract

Because of the complexity of cancer, an ideal anticancer strategy is better to target both cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment. In this study, for the first time, we demonstrated that zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were able to target multiple cell types of cancer, including cancer cells, cancer stem cells (CSCs), and macrophages, and simultaneously perform several key functions, including inhibition of cancer proliferation, sensitization of drug-resistant cancer, prevention of cancer recurrence and metastasis, and resuscitation of cancer immunosurveillance. As a nanocarrier, the chemotherapy drug, doxorubicin (Dox), could be loaded to ZnO NPs and the Dox-loaded ZnO NPs (ZnO/Dox) possessed excellent physicochemical and pH-responsive drug release properties. ZnO/Dox could be effectively internalized by both drug-sensitive and multidrug resistant (MDR) cancer cells and penetrate more efficiently through three-dimensional (3D) cancer cell spheroids compared with free Dox. As a cytotoxic agent, ZnO NPs were more efficient to kill MDR cancer cells. Interestingly, neither ZnO nor Dox showed high cytotoxicity in the 3D cancer cell spheroids, whereas ZnO/Dox showed remarkable synergistic anticancer effects. More importantly...Continue Reading

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