Exploring the Clinical Utility of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Infection.

Infectious Diseases and Therapy
Guijuan XieHongqing Zhao

Abstract

We aimed to explore the real-world clinical application value and challenges of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for pulmonary infection diagnosis. We retrospectively reviewed the results of mNGS and conventional tests from 140 hospitalized patients with suspected pulmonary infections from January 2019 to December 2020. The sample types included bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, lung tissue by transbronchial lung biopsy, pleural effusion, blood, and bronchial sputum. Apart from the mNGS reports that our patients received, an extra comprehensive and thorough literature search was conducted. Significant differences were noticed in the positive detection rates of pathogens between mNGS and conventional diagnostic testing (115/140, 82.14% vs 50/140, 35.71%, P < 0.05). The percentage of mNGS-positive patients was significantly higher than that of conventional testing-positive patients with regard to bacterial detection (P < 0.01), but no significant differences were found with regard to fungal detection (P = 0.67). Significant statistical differences were found between mixed infection cases (15, 22.70%) and single infection cases (4, 7.84%) in terms of diabetes (P = 0.03). The most frequent pattern of mixed infection was ba...Continue Reading

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