Exploring the Effect of Combined Transcranial and Intra-Oral Photobiomodulation Therapy Over a Four-Week Period on Physical and Cognitive Outcome Measures for People with Parkinson's Disease: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study.

Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD
Joanne Bullock-SaxtonE-Liisa Laakso

Abstract

Neuroprotection against Parkinson's disease degeneration by photobiomodulation has been reported in animal models but no true placebo-controlled human studies have been published. To understand if photobiomodulation therapy can produce clinically significant differences in physical performance measures in people with Parkinson's disease; and what frequency of treatment is necessary to initiate clinical change. In a participant and assessor-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study, 22 participants received either sham and/or active laser photobiomodulation (904 nm, 60 mW/diode, 50 Hz) for 33 s to each of 21 points at the cranium and intra-orally, on one, two or three times/week for 4 weeks. Two treatment phases were separated by a 4-week wash-out (Phase 2). Upper and lower limb physical outcome measures were assessed before and after each treatment phase. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment was evaluated prior to treatment Phase 1, and at the end of treatment Phase 3. Montreal Cognitive Assessment remained stable between start and end of study. No measures demonstrated statistically significant changes. With regular treatment, the spiral (writing) test and the dynamic step test were most sensitive to change in a positiv...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 24, 2021·Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery·James D Carroll
Aug 31, 2021·Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD·Michael R Hamblin, Farzad Salehpour

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